India has developed a world-class digital public infrastructure (DPI) to support its sustainable development goals, the IMF stated in a working paper, noting that digitalization has facilitated the formalization of India’s economy and Aadhaar has facilitated the direct transfer of payments to beneficiaries while reducing leakages.

According to the working paper “Stacking up the Benefits: Lessons from India’s Digital Journey,” the government acted as an anchor client and established institutions to assure the continuity of India Stack’s operations.

India's Tax agency plays key role in promoting adoption of digital public infrastructure initiatives: IMF

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Using this digital infrastructure, India was able to rapidly provide aid to an impressive number of impoverished households during the COVID-19 pandemic, according to the report.

Using a digital backbone enabled India to rapidly scale its vaccine delivery and surmount obstacles such as large-scale internal migration, according to the paper. CoWIN, a digital platform developed by India to capture the Covid-19 vaccination program, has been implemented in Indonesia, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Jamaica to facilitate their vaccination programs.

The paper praised the Narendra Modi government’s Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) and stated that sound policies led to a competitive, open, and affordable telecommunications market, and that the 90 percent reduction in the cost of mobile data led to an increase in data consumption.

According to the study, demonetization increased the use of alternative payment methods, including the UPI.

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