Gaganyaan

Each crew member on board India’s largest rocket, the LMV3, which is sending Indian astronauts to space as part of the Gaganyaan manned mission, would experience a sustained load of roughly four times their body weight, or “4g.”

We all experience “1g,” or the normal pull of gravity, here on Earth. In contrast, when an aeronautical vehicle accelerates or decelerates quickly, this force is multiplied (shown by the number before the “g”). Simply expressed, the term “g force” or “gravitational acceleration” refers to the phenomena.

R Hutton, the project director for Gaganyaan, indicated that Indian astronauts, who are initially test pilots for the Indian Air Force, would experience sustained acceleration of “4g” during the rocket flight and temporary exposure to “12g” in the event of an abort.

The crew module, which houses the astronauts, would be carried to a safe altitude at least 3 km away from the rocket during an abort thanks to the little rockets mounted atop the rocket’s nose. This is carried out to protect the crew in the event that the rocket carrying them experiences an anomaly mid-flight. For context, fighter pilots can suffer “12–14g” when they eject from their aircraft.

Hutton explained that the Gaganyaan crew’s voyage from the launchpad to a 400 km orbit would take 16 minutes, while their return to Earth (from de-boost to splashdown) would take 50 minutes. Hutton was speaking at the Shaastra event at IIT Madras. According to him, the astronauts’ crew module is being built for a 48-hour journey.

Hutton responded to a question from WION concerning the flight suits and how long they would be worn, saying that they would be worn by the astronauts during the ascent, re-entry, and descent phases. Once in orbit, it is discovered that all crew module conditions, including temperature and pressure, are optimum and there is enough confidence. He said that the astronauts would be able to remove their flight suits and put on comfy clothing.

He stated that the Indian Navy was the lead agency for the duty of rescuing and recovering the astronauts and crew module after the sea landing and that the Maritime Force will assign their ships and aircraft to the splashdown area within an hour or two. He asserted that even if the landing were to occur outside of Indian waters, the navy would be able to complete the task.

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The crew module is designed to retain power for the same amount of time to sustain lighting, life support, climate control, valve operation, displays, sensors, communication, etc., keeping in mind that it would take the ship up to six hours to recover.

The crew module would use electricity from the service module rather than the crew module during the orbital journey. The service module would be jettisoned before re-entry (at a height of 170 km).